Why is writing important essay
Topic In Argumentative Essay
Monday, August 24, 2020
Web Based Information Systems
Online Information Systems Conceptual This paper plans to introduce the social and authoritative parts of electronic data frameworks. Presently we are in 21st century. A century ago has been considered as the ascending of Information and correspondence innovation. Presently a-days there is expanding advancement of online data frameworks for social and authoritative segments. Electronic data frameworks dependent on web advancements which shares various kinds of Internet convention and assumes a significant job for get-together, putting away, gathering and conveying information from various sources and spread data initially. The speed and proficiency of online data framework which incorporates both neighborhood and worldwide systems, databases and various sorts of program for data handling makes social and authoritative life simpler for individuals. The electronic applications keep up activities of the executives. Such applications assists with coordinating quality administration forms, life pattern of authoritative object ive, actualizing and sharing creation plan This online innovation affects social connection, social conduct and different association issues. Watchwords: World Wide Web (WWW), WBIS (Web-based data framework), Internet Protocol, Information handling, long range interpersonal communication, social connection and conduct. Presentation: Data innovation is assuming an essential job in the advancement of present day society and public activity. It has changed the entire world into a worldwide town. Presently public activity has moved to on the web. Individuals are utilizing conversation board, online journals and long range interpersonal communication destinations through electronic innovation to convey carefully. Internet, advanced library, online business and PC based separation learning has made our life simpler. Presently a-days individuals are getting increasingly keen on online networks to share interests and exercises. A large portion of the informal organization administrations are online and these locales are furnishing various approaches to associate with others, for example, texting and email. Increasingly over WBIS can be utilized from multiple points of view in our public activity, for example, instructive establishments, new and media associations, taxpayer driven organizations and so forth. Business associations are utilizing this WBIS to build up their business and to maintain their business universally. Business associations can choose different scope of item from item database. That innovation let the associations to realize the value rundown of the item and they can arrange different items on the web. So it functions as a purchasing and selling media everywhere throughout the world. The associations can follow requests and update the data through web. Besides now-a-days all the global business associations are utilizing online data framework to keep up correspondence to different branches. So this innovation is assuming a significant job in business advancement. Electronic Information framework: Electronic data framework is a data framework which utilizes Internet web advancements for conveying data and administrations to clients. This innovation is a product framework and is utilized to distribute and keep up information by hypertext guideline. Electronic data framework is the mix of at least one web applications, explicit usefulness arranged parts. Fundamentally in this sort of data framework internet browser is utilized as a front end and all the databases are utilized as a back end. Key highlights of online Information System: Online data frameworks have advanced essentially over late years with its improvement. Online applications have a few favorable circumstances over customary programming based applications. A portion of the center highlights of electronic applications are given beneath: Cross stage similarity: Most electronic applications are perfect in unexpected stages in comparison to conventional introduced programming. The base prerequisite would be an internet browser (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Netscape and so forth.). You can utilize distinctive OS, for example, Windows, Linux or Mac to run the web applications. Progressively Manageable: WBIS just should be introduced on the server setting insignificant prerequisites on the end client workstation, which makes the framework simpler to keep up and update as a rule it should all be possible on the server. Numerous simultaneous clients: Online applications can undoubtedly be utilized by numerous clients simultaneously. Its not important to share screen or send a screen capture when different clients see and even alter a similar report simultaneously. Web conferencing and online coordinated effort organizations direct some key changes and clients just investigate what they truly need to work successfully and co-alter archives together. Decreased expense: Online applications can decrease cost because of help and upkeep, lower necessities on the end client framework and streamlined design. It doesnt require any conveyance or promoting foundation. Secure live information: These applications can diminish the danger of losing information because of a sudden circle crash or PC infection. Organizations of electronic applications give broad information reinforcement administration either as a fundamental part or essential assistance or some of the time as a paid help. Social parts of electronic data framework: In the perspective on Karl Marx, individuals are inherently, fundamentally and by definition social creatures who past being gregarious animals can't endure and address their issues other than through social co-activity and affiliation. Their social qualities are subsequently to a huge degree a dispassionately given truth, stepped on them from birth and insisted by socialization procedures; and, as per Marx, in delivering and imitating their material life, individuals should fundamentally go into relations of creation which are autonomous of their will. Public activity is influenced by online data framework in various manners. Some of them are given beneath: Online people group: An online network is a virtual network which exist on the web and can appear as data framework where any one can post content by utilizing announcement board framework or weblogs. Online people group is utilized by different social and expert gatherings connecting by means of electronic innovation. Its not important to have a solid bond among the individuals. The informal organization based online network showed up sooner than expected 2000s which is called person to person communication administrations contains diverse classification divisions to associate with individuals. Long range interpersonal communication administrations permit individuals to make their own profile. Presently Facebook and twitter has been utilizing broadly around the world. In excess of 30 million and 18 million individuals are utilizing Facebook and twitter separately toward the finish of 2009. Myspace and LinkedIn being most generally utilized in North America. There are numerous others informal communicati on site, for example, hi5, LinkedIn, orkut, labeled and so forth which is utilizing everywhere throughout the world. Some long range interpersonal communication destinations are made to assist others, for example, guardians informal organization administration Gurgle which discusses pregnancy, birth and raising kids. So interpersonal interaction administrations are being famous in the public arena step by step. Instructive Institutions: Presently a-days WBIS is utilized by the vast majority of the instructive foundations for speaking with understudies. Understudies can discover their course material, class plans or any refreshed data through the WBIS. This innovation has empowered analysts to get to a more extensive wellspring of data however web. Besides it is useful for separation learning. News media associations: As WBIS is utilized to store, control, convey or to make data, news and media associations are personally acquainted with every one of the components of data innovation. This innovation causes us to get the refreshed news from everywhere throughout the world. We can likewise get early data about climate and catastrophic event, stock trade, design and so forth. So this innovation is assuming a significant job in our social and everyday life. Governments: The advancement of WBIS has helped the legislature to improve their support of their residents. Residents can get present and exact government data from e-government sites. Government can distribute various kinds of data through sites, for example, financial plan of the nation, places of interest of the nation, aftereffects of assessments, cautiousness data and so forth. Annual assessment division is doing on the web charge representing gathering personal duty now. So government can get different points of interest from WBIS. Additionally WBIS can be utilized for References Boyd, Danah; Ellison, Nicole (2007). Informal organization Sites: Definition, History and Scholarship. Diary of Computer-Mediated Communication. Eric Gleave, Howard T. Welser, Tomas M. Lento, Marc A. Smith An applied and operational meaning of social job in online network Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International meeting on framework science-2009. Gianluca, Zanutto and Alberto, D.T Web-based data achievement: An estimation model of acknowledgment and fit. Linda Askenas and Alf westelius (2003) Five jobs of a data framework: A social constructionist approach of dissecting the utilization of ERP framework, diary vol3. Nabil Adam and Yelena Yesha, eds, Electronic Commerce: Current Research Issues and Applications, Springer, 1996. Morrison, Ken; Marx, Durkheim, Weber (2006). Developments of current social idea.
Saturday, August 22, 2020
The death Penalty versus Life Without Parole Research Paper
Capital punishment versus Life Without Parole - Research Paper Example 1. Advancement of the death penalty and existence without Parole: Capital discipline or capital punishment created in United States ââ¬Å"as society scanned for progressively sympathetic ways for slaughtering its condemnedâ⬠and as a substitute of the fierce ways that the general public utilized from the beginning of time to rebuff the guilty parties of society (Hess and Orthman 534). It advanced slowly with the ââ¬Å"first electric shock in 1890, the creation of the gas chamber in 1923, the utilization of a terminating crew and the selection of deadly infusions in 1977â⬠(Hess and Orthman 534). Till 2005 ââ¬Å"38 states and the government had laws approving capital punishmentâ⬠while the base age for the death penalty set by 18 states and the government following the courtââ¬â¢s controlling in Ropper v. Simmons(2005) was 18 (Hess and Orthman 534). Life detainment without the chance for further appeal created in U.S. as a way to depict that the corrective legal l aw was exacting. Starting at 1996, 12 states with the death penalty had no existence without Parole choice, 20 six conditions of U.S. ... Table 1 Life without Parole (LWP) and the death penalty (CP) 1996, of United States (Adapted): States LWP CP State LWP CP Alabama Yes Montana Yes Alaska No Nebraska Yes Arizona No Yes Nevada Yes Arkansas Yes New Hampshire Yes California Yes New Jersey Yes Colorado No Yes New Mexico No Yes Connecticut Yes New York No Yes States LWP CP State LWP CP Delaware Yes N. Carolina No Yes Florida Yes North Dakota No Georgia Yes Ohio No Yes Hawaii Yes No Oklahoma Yes Idaho Yes Oregon Yes Illinois Yes Pennsylvania Yes Indiana No Yes Rhode Island Yes No Iowa Yes No S. Carolina Yes Kansus No Yes South Dakota Yes Kentucky No Yes Tennessee No Yes Lousiana Yes Texas No Yes Maine Yes No Utah Yes Source: Keith D. Harries, and Deral Cheatwood, The topography of execution: the death penalty entanglement in America.(Maryland: Rowman and Littlefield, 1997) 110. Print. In the table 1, it very well may be seen that 34 states out of 38 states acknowledge the death penalty as a methods for discipline to its wro ngdoers that is 89% (Approx.) of the all out no of states. While, if there should arise an occurrence of life detainment without Parole 25 states out of 38 states acknowledge it as a methods for discipline, hence adding up to 67% (Approx.) of the all out no. of states. Subsequently, it very well may be noticed that death penalty had more noteworthy acknowledgment as a methods for discipline in contrast with life detainment without any chance to appeal. 3. Separation between the death penalty and life detainment without the chance for further appeal, as a methods for discipline: if there should be an occurrence of the death penalty the detainee is forever crippled from doing any mischief to the general public, while life detainment without Parole doesn't keep the guilty parties from hurting the detainees of the jail and
Thursday, July 23, 2020
New Book Offering by SIPA Professor Lincoln Mitchell COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog
New Book Offering by SIPA Professor Lincoln Mitchell COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog SIPA Professor of Practice Lincoln Mitchell has just published his new book Uncertain Democracy: U.S. Foreign Policy and Georgiaâs Rose Revolution, the first scholarly examination of Georgiaâs recent political past. Professor Mitchell recounts the events that led to the overthrow of President Eduard Shevardnadze and analyzes the factors that contributed to the staying power of the elected government led by President Mikheil Saakashvili. Information on the book can be found on the University of Pennsylvania Press site. Mitchell also serves as Acting Director of the Arnold Saltzman Institute for War and Peace Studies. Professor Mitchells SIPA profile can be found here.
Friday, May 22, 2020
Chinese American Women The Hollywood Of The 20 Centuries
a. There was a stereotyped image about colored people and this ideology was appeared in the movies at the 20 centuries. In the minstrel show, white actors colored their faces black to imitate African American people (Separate Cinema: The Vintage Years, 2008). Two performers who had been discriminated against their race are Anna May Wong and Sidney Poitier. Anna May Wong was the Chinese-American star and she started acting around year of 1920. She was born in the United States but her Asian face leaded to a discrimination by Caucasian (Anna May Wong - Biography - IMDb, 2016). Also by the time there was a rule which called Hays Code which prevent making movies including unacceptable scene to influence people negatively. There was Miscegenation under the rule of the guideline that prohibited the relationship between whites and minorities in the movie (Bynum, 2006). This rule affected negatively in her carrier as she was considered as foreigner (Chinese American Women: A History of Resilience and Resistance, n.d.). By the time a movie ââ¬Å"The Good Earthâ⬠was came up, she was rejected to hire in the movie even though the movie needed for Asian woman. Instead she was casted as person with bad role. She refused to offer this and she had made a comment that ââ¬Å"If you let me play O-lan, I will be very glad. But you re asking me ââ¬â with Chinese blood ââ¬â to do the only unsympathetic role in the picture featuring an all-American cast portraying Chinese charactersâ⬠(Anna May Wong -Show MoreRelatedJohn Wayne s True Grit2952 Words à |à 12 Pages The Western genre been highly prevalent in Hollywood films for decades. Beginning with The Great Train Robbery in 1903, Western films have gained international many parts of Europe and Mexico in addition to the United States. 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Stars Conclusion Bibliography Foreword I have always been fascinated by the Hollywoodââ¬â¢s world, a world of mixture between realityRead MoreEssay about History: World War I and Bold Experiments7600 Words à |à 31 PagesThe Rise and Reform of Industrial Cities, 1880ââ¬Å ââ¬â1917 Chapter 20 Whose Government? Politics, Populists, and Progressives, 1880ââ¬Å ââ¬â1917 Chapter 21 An Emerging World Power, 1877ââ¬â1918 Chapter 22 Wrestling with Modernity, 1918ââ¬Å ââ¬â1929 Part 5 Essential Questions After studying the chapters in Part 5, you should know how to answer the following questions: 1. Why and how did American society industrialize during the late nineteenth century? 2. What were the causes and consequences of urbanization? 3.Read MoreEffects Of Stigma On African Americans2054 Words à |à 9 Pagesindividual (Goffman, 1963). Dating back to our caveman days, stigma has a profound impact on peopleââ¬â¢s mental and physical health in a variety of populations, as well as their fight for survival in the wild (e.g., the effect of racism on African Americans: (Voelkl et al 1991). In addition to overt stigmas, such as those attached to an individualââ¬â¢s race and gender, there are also stigmas that are attached to less apparent, ââ¬Å"concealableâ⬠identities, such as those attached to an individualââ¬â¢s sexual orientationRead MoreEssay Immigration6923 Words à |à 28 Pages Kalapodas 8 Dec. 1999 History 101 Dr. Tassinari Immigration: The New American Paul Kalapodas 8 Dec. 1999 Immigration For many, immigration to the United States during the late 19th to early 20th century would be a new beginning to a prosperous life. However there were many acts and laws past to limit the influx of immigrants, do to prejudice, such as the Chinese Exclusion Act. Later on into the 20th century there would be laws repealing the older immigration laws and acts making it possible forRead MoreRacism in Disney Movies Essay5488 Words à |à 22 Pagessurprising at all that the first black Disney princess would be such a controversial figure. Bombarded with accusations of anti-Semitism and racism, in the 1940ââ¬â¢s Walt Disney was an avid supporter of the Motion Picture Alliance for the Preservation of American Ideals, a ââ¬Å"red-scareâ⬠anti-Semitic industry group that wanted to blacklist artists (Alan 12). Perhaps this is one of the reasons Disneyââ¬â¢s past is filled with questionable cinematic material. Fantasia was released in 1940, the third theatrical full-lengthRead MoreThe Walt Disney Company and Disney Management25371 Words à |à 102 Pages2-7 McDonaldââ¬â¢s and Obesity 2-8 Ultrasound Machines, India, China, and a Skewed Sex Ratio CASE 2ïš º1 The Not-So-Wonderful World of BONJOUR, MICKEY! In April 1992, EuroDisney SCA opened its doors to European visitors. Located by the river Marne some 20 miles east of Paris, it was designed to be the biggest and most lavish theme park that Walt Disney Company (Disney) had built to dateââ¬âbigger than Disneyland in Anaheim, California; Disneyworld in Orlando, Florida; and Tokyo Disneyland in Japan. MuchRead MoreCase on the Disney Brand14200 Words à |à 57 PagesAnalysis ...................................................................................................................19 Expected Outcome: ...............................................................................................................20 Time line: ..............................................................................................................................21 The Disney Brand ...........................................................................................
Thursday, May 7, 2020
Forensic Psychology Criminal Investigation And The Law
Forensic Psychology The client is facing a lengthy sentence and their only hope is to plead mental insanity, their only hope is their forensic psychologist. The thrill of not knowing what will come of your day can be perfect for someone who craves adrenaline. Forensic Psychology is an unsung hero becoming recognized. One could wake up in the morning and have to travel or go to court and help decides someoneââ¬â¢s fate. It may not be the most popular job or the career with the most recognition but for many it is morally satisfying. Job Duties In this job occupation the main responsibilities are applying psychology to the field of criminal investigation and the law. Many who practice in this field work within the courts in custody disputes, insurance claims and law suits. As can be seen in Figure 1 job duties can range from trial consultations to attorneys to assessment of mental state. ââ¬Å"Some work in family courts and offer psychotherapy services, perform child custody evaluations, investigate reports of child abuse, and conduct visitation risk assessmentâ⬠(Cherry, 2014). Although the entire occupation is very intriguing the most interesting aspects of it have to be the custody disputes, child custody evaluations, investigating reports of child abuse, conducting visitation risks and just overall working in the family courts. Custody disputes and investigating child abuse are among the most interesting but they are also the most tedious and difficult. It would be very difficultShow MoreRelatedEssay on Forensic Psychology Deals with Both Law and Psychology625 Words à |à 3 PagesForensic (criminal) psychology is a job field that deals with both psychology and law. The field has experienced dramatic growth in recent years due to the role of popular movies, television programs and books popularizing the field. Often these individuals are depicted as vivid components in solving vicious crimes or timing out a criminalââ¬â¢s next home. While these depictions of certainly entertaining, yet these portrayals are not necessarily precise. Forensic psychologists play an instrumental roleRead MoreForensic Criminology : Forensic Psychology And Psychologists822 Words à |à 4 PagesForensic Psychology and Psychologists Forensic psychologists are helpful in many criminal investigations as well as civil investigations. These types of psychologists must have advanced knowledge in many areas such as clinical psychology, forensic science, and many legal matters. Their main job is to aid in police investigations and/or assist as an expert witness in both criminal and civil trials. Forensic psychology is a major part of psychology because it helps define who a criminal is andRead MoreForensic Psychology And The Human Mind And Its Functions1627 Words à |à 7 PagesPsychology and law at first glance are not two terms that seem to correspond with each other. One might even question why they would be mentioned in the same context. Crime has become a major issue within todayââ¬â¢s society. It seems as though the only way to prevent most of them is to enforce the repercussions of the act and punish those that partake in it. Criminals often have motives or attributes that lead them into a life of crime. Forensic psychology is the cynosure that brings the associationRead MoreCrime and Forensic Psychology1117 Words à |à 5 Pagescriminology.à The expectation is to make sure the public understands the facts of law enforcement and to differentiate between the fictions presented in different media outlets.à Please answer the following questions and requirements to write your 4ââ¬â6-page paper. As you answer each question, you must provide support or evidence that will enhance and empirically prove your answers.à Academic criminal justice articles or real-life criminal justice findings that are found in journals or other academic sources mustRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Forensic Psychology1406 Words à |à 6 PagesForensic Psychology At Its Core More than half of the worldââ¬â¢s population is filled with criminals, individuals wonder why criminals do what they do. In order to have these questions answered, a Forensic Psychologistââ¬â¢s is needed, the basic definition of a Forensic Psychologist is an individual that treats criminal- related people. Here is some information about everything there is to know of a Forensic Psychologist, their salary, types of jobs, well- known people, famous cases, and their disadvantagesRead MoreExplain the Differences Between Criminologists, Criminalists, and Forensic Psychologists and What Is the Difference in Their Disciplines of Expertise.1550 Words à |à 7 PagesUniversity Unit 1 Individual Project CRJS105 ââ¬â1103b-04 Theories of Crime Causation August 28,2011 Abstract In this paper I will explain the differences between Criminologists, Criminalists, and Forensic psychologists and what is the difference in their disciplines of expertise. As well as looking at blue collar crime vs. white collar crime, how they are reported and measured by the FBI in their uniformed crime reporting. Also how blue collar crimeRead MoreInvestigation Of A Criminal Investigation Essay1447 Words à |à 6 PagesInvestigation Research A criminal investigator can be described as an individual who collects, records, and analyzes evidence and information related to a criminal offense. The main goal of criminal investigation is to discover the truth regarding the events and processes that contributed to the occurrence of a criminal offense. Generally, the investigative process has four major objectives i.e. establishing the occurrence of an offense, determining and arresting the suspect, recovering stolenRead MorePsychology : The Psychology Of Psychology877 Words à |à 4 PagesThis psychology class has further introduced me to two subfields of psychology that interest me. The first subfield is clinical psychology, which is ââ¬Å"the study of individuals, by observation or experimentation, with the intention of promoting changeâ⬠(American Psychological Association, 2015). They study different types of metal, emotional, and behavioral disorders from things as small and temporary such as school and work stres s, to permanent issues like schizophrenia and post-traumatic stress disorderRead MoreCriminal Profiling: Does it Really Work? Essay1468 Words à |à 6 PagesCriminal profiling has become a very popular and controversial topic. Profiling is used in many different ways to identify a suspect or offender in a criminal investigation. ââ¬Å"Criminal profiling is the process of using behavioral and scientific evidence left at a crime scene to make inferences about the offender, including inferences about personality characteristics and psychopathologyâ⬠(Torres, Boccaccini, Miller, 2006, p. 51). ââ¬Å"The science of profiling rests on two foundation blocks, basic forensicRead More Investigative Psychology Essay1378 Words à |à 6 PagesInvestigative Psychology As stated by Bartol and Bartol (2008), investigative psychology is the application of psychological research and principles to the investigation of criminal behavior (Bartol Bartol, 2008). Investigative psychology is closely associated with criminal profiling, but there are other areas in which a forensic psychologist can participate in this particular subspecialty. An investigative psychologist maybe asked to perform a psychological autopsy, forensic hypnosis, or produce
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Change over Time Latin America Free Essays
From 1450 to the present, religious beliefs and practices in Latin America changed in that Catholicism and a blend of religions began to be seen throughout Latin America, but continued in that animistic and nature religions still remained. Changes in Latin American religious ideologies are easily seen from 1450 to the present day. A new religion entered their society. We will write a custom essay sample on Change over Time: Latin America or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the discovery of the new world in 1492 by Columbus, many more conquistadors and explorers would come to colonize and explore the new world. Also, a group of people called the Jesuits came to the new world. The spread of Catholicism really began in the 1600ââ¬â¢s by the Jesuits who controlled much of Latin America at this time, and gave special privileges to those converted. As this was happening Catholicism was being diffused into the society of Latin Americans. However, because the people were so deeply rooted in Indian culture idol worship remained. Another change was that a blend of both Catholicism and animistic religion was being formed in Latin America. For example, in modern day Mexico, even though they are Catholic, there are legends and stories that talk about El Tio, the God of the Mine, he is supposed to protect the miners from harm in the mine. Another example, is black magic which began to form in the Caribbean. Because Indians were so deeply rooted in their culture, blending of Catholicism and their culture within religion happened. There were also continuities in religion during this time. First, many animistic and nature religions still continued to play a major role in Latin American societies. The Latin American societies readily supported Catholicism, but held on to their traditional beliefs. One reason they held on to their beliefs was because it was all they had known for hundreds of years, and people who have done something for a very long time are not just going to give up and change it, because it is part of their everyday life. Also, they did not see a need to give up their animistic beliefs no one was forcing them to give them up. There was only an advantage to joining the Catholic church, because the Jesuits would give you special access to missions, and the opportunity for learning. Similar processes to those seen here were also obvious in Sub-Saharan Africa, seeing as the Europeans colonized and explored there too. Christianity also spread to Sub-Saharan Africa and became a major belief system in both societies even over their animistic beliefs and polytheism. How to cite Change over Time: Latin America, Papers
Monday, April 27, 2020
The Attack - The Story of a Su... free essay sample
The Attack The Story of a Suicide BomberThe movie The Attack is about a successful Israeli-Palestinian surgeon, Dr. Amin Jaafari, who appears to be fully assimilated into Tel Aviv society. But his life turns upside down when the police inform him that his beautiful wife, Sihem, was the suicide bomber who blew herself up in a crowded Tel Aviv restaurant, killing 17 people, including children, and injuring scores of others. (Ironically, before he receives the news about his wifes complicity, Amin is among the surgeons who treat the injured victims who are rushed to the hospital where he works.) At first, he refuses to believe that Sihem was the bomber, but his conviction is shaken when he receives a posthumous letter from her, confirming that she was responsible for the crime.But Sihems letter answers only one of Amins many questions; he seeks to understand not only his wifes action, but also where he himself, a Palestinian-Israeli, fits in. We will write a custom essay sample on The Attack The Story of a Su or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In search of answers, Amin travels to Nablus to meet with his family members, most of whom express anxiety and displeasure over his queries. He also meets with two religious leaders, an imam and a Christian priest, who he suspects influenced his wife. During his visit, Amin discovers that Sihem became a symbol of Palestinian resistance. Her image is distributed in postcards, key chains and posters depicting her as a hero.Based on a novel by Algerian author Yashima Khadra, the movie is a work of art, not an essay about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Yet the conflict serves as a powerful background to the personal story of Dr. Jaafari. Through the movie we learn about the daily humiliation that Palestinians suffer under Israeli rule, such as police check points, a security wall that infringes into Palestinian areas and the harshness of Israeli soldiers as they search for Palestinian suspects. Sihem seems to encapsulate the Palestinian predicament when she tells her husband that she doesnt want to have children because she doesnt want them to grow up without a homeland. This suffering leads to the radicalization of Palestinian society: hate-filled sermons by religions leaders, violence (which is only implied during Amins visit to Nablus, yet is quite palpable) and the glorification of suicide bombers.The ongoing conflict inflicts a heavy toll, physical and moral, on the Israelis too. They live under constant fear of terrorist attacks, which necessitates security measures, some of which are contrary to core democratic values. Some Israelis, seeking revenge, resort to taking the law into their own hand (in the movie, Dr. Jaafaris home is ransacked by hooligans). On a broader scale, Israel is compelled to regularly use coercive means to maintain control over the Palestinian areas ââ¬â indeed over another people that do not want to live under occupation.But The Attack also highlights the humanity of both sides. Amins Jewish friends continue to support him even after the revelation that his wife was a terrorist. Even the security forces treat him with restraint. Despite the ticking bomb situation, they refrain from using physical violence, let alone torture, although some would say that sleep deprivation is a form of torture. Amins family in Nablus is warm, hospitable and caring. Even the suicide bomber (played by the Israeli actress Raymond Amsalem) is far from the demonic personality that we attribute to terrorists. She is beautiful and sensitive, creating within us a sense of dissonance: how can a person who looks and behaves like her commit such a heinous crime. Indeed, some Israeli critics have complained about what they see as an attempt to humanize suicide bombers. What motivates suicide bombers to commit their act? The analogy to soldiers who risk their lives in the battlefield doesnt really help. Repeated studies have shown that the primary reason for soldiers willingness to risk their life and assault the enemy ââ¬â acts contrary to the most basic of human instincts ââ¬â is not patriotism (although it plays an important role). It is, rather, a sense of manliness together with a sense of camaraderie: men would rather die than be viewed, by themselves or by their comrades, as cowards. But suicide bombers act alone, and contrary to soldiers, who, irrespective of the odds on the battlefield, always hope to come out alive, suicide bombers choose certain death. The problem is further compounded by the disturbing ââ¬â and totally incomprehensible ââ¬â reaction of parents of suicide bombers, who frequently express the hope that their other children will follow the path of the martyred child. The movie does not really make the phenomenon of suicide bombing more understandable to us, except, perhaps, for the allusion that a sense of victimhood, in its extremity, is a powerful drive. The politically charged environment of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict informs The Attack from beginning to end. But the movie is also about the mystery of relations between people (in this case between husband and wife); about our inability to really know and understand the other, including the one with whom we have the most intimate relationship. And, perhaps, it is also about the human beings lack of capacity for happiness, even when, seemingly, all goes well (as a somewhat simplistic view of Sihems comfortable life in Tel Aviv would imply). Andre Maurois, a prolific and popular French writer between the two world wars, gave these sentiments the most eloquent expression when he observed that most of human existence is neither extreme nor tragic, yet: we know that in his daily life man is ever, to a greater or a lesser degree, hag-ridden. Even when all goes well, all does not go perfectly well. Life remains, on the face of it, absurd. What is the meaning of this strange carnival? Why are we here on this fleck of mud, revolving in darkness?â⬠¦We want peace, concord and the affection of other peoples, and lo and behold here we are at war, massacring and being massacred. Or again we are in love with a woman who at times seems to love us in return and, at others, for no reason known to us, grows cold and distant. We do not understand the universe; we do not understand those who hate us; we do not understand those who love us; often we do not even understand our parents, our children. We do not understand ourselves. (Quoted in Sarah Bakewell, Two Loves, The New Yorker, November13, 2012.) Unfortunately, The Attack has been banned in Lebanon (the movies director is Lebanese) and other Arab countries, apparently because its portrayal of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is too balanced. It featured, however, in a film festival in Israel, where it was well-received. In the final analysis, art cannot resolve longstanding political conflicts. But by compelling the antagonists to recognize the humanity in the other side, it can, perhaps, contribute to a process that would lead to reconciliation and peace.
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